Extrusome

Extrusomes are membrane-bound structures in some eukaryotes which, under certain conditions, discharge their contents outside the cell. There are a variety of different types, probably not homologous, and serving various functions.

Notable extrusomes include mucocysts, which discharge a mucous mass sometimes used in cyst formation, and trichocysts, which discharge a fibrous rod.^[1] The stinging nematocysts found in Cnidarian animals may be regarded as extrusomes as well. Extrusomes found in dinoflagellates are important in the formation of red and black tides.^{[citation needed]} Ancoracysta twista, a Provoran eukaryote, immobilises its prey using a type of extrusome named an ancoracyst.^[2]

References

^ Lynn D (2008). "Glossary". The Ciliated Protozoa: Characterization, Classification, and Guide to the Literature. Springer. p. 39. ISBN 978-1-4020-8239-9. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
^ Janouškovec J, Tikhonenkov DV, Burki F, Howe AT, Rohwer FL, Mylnikov AP, Keeling PJ. "A New Lineage of Eukaryotes Illuminates Early Mitochondrial Genome Reduction", Current Biology 2017, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.10.051

External links

Image: extrusome (labeled EX)

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[1] Lynn D (2008). "Glossary". The Ciliated Protozoa: Characterization, Classification, and Guide to the Literature. Springer. p. 39. ISBN 978-1-4020-8239-9. Retrieved 16 January 2018.

[CB-2] Janouškovec J, Tikhonenkov DV, Burki F, Howe AT, Rohwer FL, Mylnikov AP, Keeling PJ. "A New Lineage of Eukaryotes Illuminates Early Mitochondrial Genome Reduction", Current Biology 2017, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.10.051

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